United States
United States shipped 3.0 Mt of CBAM goods to the EU in 2025 (2.7 % of all CBAM imports, down 15 % on 2024). Most of the exposure comes from hydrogen. At default values the 2026 CBAM bill would be about €315 m, ranking it 13th of 152 countries.
3.0 MtEU imports, 2025
€3.90 bncustoms value
€315 mCBAM exposure 2026
€103/taverage per tonne
What it exports
Steel 68 %Aluminium 2 %Fertilisers 28 %Cement 0 %Hydrogen 2 %
| Sector | Tonnes 2025 | Value | Exposure 2026 | 2034 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hydrogen | 57 kt | €3.7 m | €115 m | €163 m |
| Fertilisers | 867 kt | €309 m | €101 m | €165 m |
| Iron and steel | 2.1 Mt | €2.86 bn | €95.1 m | €166 m |
| Aluminium | 47 kt | €721 m | €4.8 m | €12.3 m |
| Cement | 4 kt | €3.0 m | €50 k | €217 k |
Products with the largest exposure
Default value (2026, incl. mark-up) and CBAM benchmark in tCO₂e per tonne.
| CN code | Product | Tonnes | Default | Benchmark | Exposure |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2804 10 00 | Hydrogen | 57 kt | 29.304 | 5.089 | €115 m |
| 2601 12 00 | Agglomerated iron ores and concentrates (excl. roasted iron pyrites) | 1.4 Mt | 0.748 | 0.086 | €76.8 m |
| 2814 10 00 | Anhydrous ammonia | 296 kt | 3.444 | 1.522 | €47.7 m |
| 3102 80 00 | Mixtures of urea and ammonium nitrate in aqueous or ammoniacal solution (excl. those in … | 491 kt | 1.757 | 0.625 | €46.3 m |
| 7203 10 00 | Ferrous products obtained by direct reduction of iron ore, in lumps, pellets or similar … | 494 kt | 0.495 | 0.397 | €4.4 m |
| 3102 30 90 | Ammonium nitrate (excl. that in aqueous solution, in tablets or similar forms, or in pac… | 33 kt | 2.293 | 0.767 | €4.2 m |
| 7606 12 99 | Plates, sheets and strip, of aluminium alloys, of a thickness of ≥ 6 mm, square or recta… | 15 kt | 3.003 | 1.485 | €1.9 m |
| 7225 11 00 | Flat-rolled products of silicon-electrical steel, of a width of ≥ 600 mm, grain-oriented | 5 kt | 5.203 | 1.779 | €1.3 m |
| 7225 40 90 | Flat-rolled products of alloy steel other than stainless, of a width of ≥ 600 mm, not fu… | 5 kt | 3.949 | 1.577 | €1.1 m |
| 7225 40 40 | Flat-rolled products of alloy steel other than stainless, of a width of ≥ 600 mm, not fu… | 5 kt | 3.949 | 1.577 | €1.0 m |
| 3105 40 00 | Ammonium dihydrogenorthophosphate "monoammonium phosphate", whether or not mixed with di… | 28 kt | 0.535 | 0.173 | €844 k |
| 3102 10 90 | Urea, whether or not in aqueous solution, containing ≤ 45 % by weight of nitrogen on the… | 7 kt | 2.262 | 0.882 | €770 k |
Outlook
Same 2025 volumes, same certificate price (€82.32), default values throughout.
2026€315 m10 % mark-up, 97.5 % free allocation
2030€433 m30 % mark-up, 51.5 % free allocation
2034€506 m30 % mark-up, no free allocation
Carbon pricing in United States
There is no federal carbon price in the United States. A few states run cap-and-trade programmes, mainly for power and fuels.
Where it sits on the map
Read more
Nearby in the ranking: Vietnam, Algeria, South Africa, Malaysia.
Sources: Eurostat Comext (DS-045409), annual 2025; Implementing Regulations (EU) 2025/2621 and 2025/2620. See methodology.