Canada
Canada shipped 9.5 Mt of CBAM goods to the EU in 2025 (8.4 % of all CBAM imports, up 0 % on 2024). Most of the exposure comes from aluminium. At default values the 2026 CBAM bill would be about €50.3 m, ranking it 31th of 152 countries.
What it exports
| Sector | Tonnes 2025 | Value | Exposure 2026 | 2034 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Aluminium | 595 kt | €1.44 bn | €37.7 m | €125 m |
| Iron and steel | 8.9 Mt | €1.16 bn | €12.5 m | €97.6 m |
| Fertilisers | 1 kt | €3.4 m | €40 k | €99 k |
| Cement | 105 t | €190 k | €6 k | €16 k |
| Hydrogen | 0 t | €0 k | €0 k | €0 k |
Products with the largest exposure
Default value (2026, incl. mark-up) and CBAM benchmark in tCO₂e per tonne.
| CN code | Product | Tonnes | Default | Benchmark | Exposure |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 7601 10 90 | Aluminium, not alloyed, unwrought (excl. slabs) | 588 kt | 2.156 | 1.423 | €37.2 m |
| 2601 12 00 | Agglomerated iron ores and concentrates (excl. roasted iron pyrites) | 8.8 Mt | 0.099 | 0.086 | €11.0 m |
| 7601 20 80 | Unwrought aluminium alloys (excl. slabs and billets) | 5 kt | 2.156 | 1.423 | €310 k |
| 7224 90 02 | Semi-finished products of tool steel | 1 kt | 3.949 | 1.577 | €263 k |
| 7318 16 92 | Nuts of iron or steel other than stainless, with an inside diameter ≤ 12 mm (excl. blind… | 2 kt | 3.201 | 1.364 | €232 k |
| 7201 10 90 | Non-alloy pig iron in pigs, blocks or other primary forms, containing by weight ≤ 0,5 % … | 54 kt | 1.221 | 1.210 | €182 k |
| 7205 29 00 | Powders, of pig iron, spiegeleisen, iron or non-alloy steel (excl. powders of ferro-allo… | 9 kt | 1.419 | 1.288 | €123 k |
| 7308 40 00 | Equipment for scaffolding, shuttering, propping or pit-propping (excl. composite sheetpi… | 752 t | 3.201 | 1.491 | €108 k |
| 7308 30 00 | Doors, windows and their frames and thresholds for doors, of iron or steel | 504 t | 3.201 | 1.491 | €72 k |
| 7308 90 59 | Structures and parts of structures, of iron or steel, solely or principally of sheet, n.… | 465 t | 3.201 | 1.491 | €67 k |
| 7308 90 98 | Structures and parts of structures of iron or steel, n.e.s. (excl. bridges and bridge-se… | 459 t | 3.201 | 1.491 | €66 k |
| 7610 90 90 | Structures and parts of structures, of aluminium, n.e.s., and plates, rods, profiles, tu… | 640 t | 2.541 | 1.493 | €57 k |
Outlook
Same 2025 volumes, same certificate price (€82.32), default values throughout.
Carbon pricing in Canada
Canada prices industrial emissions through output-based pricing systems for large emitters. Much of Canada's aluminium is produced with hydropower, which is reflected in a lower default value.
Where it sits on the map
Read more
- Sectors
Iron ore pellets: the CBAM good almost nobody talks about
- Sectors
Aluminium: primary, secondary and the power behind the smelter
- Exporters
A checklist for producers outside the EU
Nearby in the ranking: Thailand, Morocco, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Libya.
Sources: Eurostat Comext (DS-045409), annual 2025; Implementing Regulations (EU) 2025/2621 and 2025/2620. See methodology.