Brazil
Brazil shipped 4.4 Mt of CBAM goods to the EU in 2025 (3.9 % of all CBAM imports, up 6 % on 2024). Most of the exposure comes from iron and steel. At default values the 2026 CBAM bill would be about €113 m, ranking it 18th of 152 countries.
4.4 MtEU imports, 2025
€1.66 bncustoms value
€113 mCBAM exposure 2026
€26/taverage per tonne
What it exports
Steel 99 %Aluminium 1 %Fertilisers 0 %Cement 0 %
| Sector | Tonnes 2025 | Value | Exposure 2026 | 2034 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Iron and steel | 4.4 Mt | €1.51 bn | €110 m | €367 m |
| Aluminium | 56 kt | €145 m | €2.7 m | €10.9 m |
| Cement | 482 t | €332 k | €31 k | €64 k |
| Fertilisers | 359 t | €2.4 m | €20 k | €34 k |
Products with the largest exposure
Default value (2026, incl. mark-up) and CBAM benchmark in tCO₂e per tonne.
| CN code | Product | Tonnes | Default | Benchmark | Exposure |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2601 12 00 | Agglomerated iron ores and concentrates (excl. roasted iron pyrites) | 2.7 Mt | 0.220 | 0.086 | €30.5 m |
| 7207 12 10 | Semi-finished products of iron or non-alloy steel, containing by weight < 0,25 of carbon… | 702 kt | 1.771 | 1.364 | €25.5 m |
| 7201 10 90 | Non-alloy pig iron in pigs, blocks or other primary forms, containing by weight ≤ 0,5 % … | 299 kt | 1.625 | 1.210 | €11.0 m |
| 7202 60 00 | Ferro-nickel | 84 kt | 3.828 | 2.390 | €10.4 m |
| 7201 10 30 | Non-alloy pig iron in pigs, blocks or other primary forms, containing by weight ≤ 0,5 % … | 173 kt | 1.625 | 1.210 | €6.3 m |
| 7228 30 69 | Bars and rods or alloy steel other than stainless steel, only hot-rolled, hot-drawn or h… | 12 kt | 4.158 | 1.613 | €2.6 m |
| 7224 90 14 | Semi-finished products of alloy steel other than stainless steel, of square or rectangul… | 11 kt | 4.015 | 1.577 | €2.3 m |
| 7208 39 00 | Flat-rolled products of iron or non-alloy steel, of a width of ≥ 600 mm, in coils, simpl… | 62 kt | 1.782 | 1.370 | €2.3 m |
| 7209 16 90 | Flat-rolled products of iron or non-alloy steel, of a width of ≥ 600 mm, in coils, simpl… | 55 kt | 1.903 | 1.458 | €2.2 m |
| 7225 11 00 | Flat-rolled products of silicon-electrical steel, of a width of ≥ 600 mm, grain-oriented | 7 kt | 5.236 | 1.779 | €2.1 m |
| 7601 10 90 | Aluminium, not alloyed, unwrought (excl. slabs) | 43 kt | 1.870 | 1.423 | €1.7 m |
| 7208 51 20 | Flat-rolled products of iron or non-alloy steel, of a width of ≥ 600 mm, not in coils, s… | 45 kt | 1.782 | 1.370 | €1.7 m |
Outlook
Same 2025 volumes, same certificate price (€82.32), default values throughout.
2026€113 m10 % mark-up, 97.5 % free allocation
2030€269 m30 % mark-up, 51.5 % free allocation
2034€378 m30 % mark-up, no free allocation
Carbon pricing in Brazil
Brazil passed a law in December 2024 establishing a regulated emissions trading system, to be phased in over several years.
Where it sits on the map
Read more
- Sectors
Iron ore pellets: the CBAM good almost nobody talks about
- Exporters
A checklist for producers outside the EU
Nearby in the ranking: United Arab Emirates, Kazakhstan, Mozambique, Saudi Arabia.
Sources: Eurostat Comext (DS-045409), annual 2025; Implementing Regulations (EU) 2025/2621 and 2025/2620. See methodology.